Some borders require presentation of legal paperwork like passports and visas, or other identity documents, for persons to cross borders. Under international law, each country is generally permitted to legislate the conditions that have to be met in order to cross its borders, and to prevent people from crossing its borders in violation of those laws. Most countries have some form of border control to regulate or limit the movement of people, animals, and goods into and out of the country. For the purposes of border control, airports and seaports are also classed as borders. In modern times, marchlands have been replaced by clearly defined and demarcated borders. Special cases in modern times were the Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone from 1922 to 1991 and the Saudi Arabian–Kuwaiti neutral zone from 1922 until 1970. In the past, many borders were not clearly defined lines instead there were often intervening areas often claimed and fought over by both sides, sometimes called marchlands. Therefore borderland (especially impassable terrain) attracted many outlaws, as they often found sympathizers. During the medieval period the government's control frequently diminished the further people got from the capital. In the pre-modern world, the term border was vague and could refer to either side of the boundary, thus it was necessary to specify part of it with borderline or borderland. While border refers to the boundary itself, the area around the border is called the frontier. View from North Korea.īuffer zones may be set up on borders between belligerent entities to lower the risk of escalation. North Korean policemen standing guard at the North Korea-South Korea border.
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